3) and to support a uniform evidence-based practice for indwelling urethral catheterization in adults the European association of Urology Nurses (EAUN) published guidelines for this procedure in 2012. With the believe that “excellent healthcare goes beyond geographical boundaries” (, p. Prevention of HAUTI has been the subject of many national guidelines in countries within and outside Europe. In a point prevalence survey conducted in 2018 among 3547 patients in acute-care hospitals in Stockholm, Sweden, the prevalence of HAUTI was 20.2% among inpatients with HAI. In the first survey HAUTI was the third most common type of HAI and in the later survey the second most common. In two point prevalence surveys of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) conducted by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) among in-patients at acute-care hospitals in European countries during 2011–2012 (1149 hospitals) and 2016–2017 (1209 hospitals), HAUTI constituted 19.0% and 18.9% of all HAI. Healthcare-associated urinary tract infection (HAUTI) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections and is mostly linked to presence of an indwelling urinary catheter (IUC). Healthcare-settings should ensure education and skill training including measures to ensure that the IUC is kept sterile during insertion. Adherence to the guidelines was associated with factors that facilitated an aseptic performance such as using a sterile set and sterile drapes. Only 55–74% of the nurses practiced one or more precautions that secured sterility of the IUC thus demonstrating a gap between the EAUN-guidelines and the actual performance. The nurses´ conformity with all the sterility precautions in the EAUN-guidelines were associated with working at departments for surgery and cardiology (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.69–3.27), use of sterile set for catheterization (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.42–2.97), use of sterile drapes for dressing on insertion area (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.24–2.96) and using the term “sterile technique” for indwelling urethral catheterization (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.11–2.43). Despite that not everyone used sterile equipment to maintain sterility of the catheter. Regardless of designation of the technique the participants said that the indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) should be kept sterile during procedure. Most of the participants called their insertion technique “non-sterile”. ResultsĪnswers were obtained from 852 persons (91.5%). Logistic regression was used to analyze variables associated with practicing the sterility precautions in the EAUN-guidelines. Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney U-test were used for descriptive statistics. MethodsĪ structured questionnaire with questions concerning the participant, working conditions and performance of indwelling urethral catheterization was left to 931 nurses in two acute care hospitals. The study also aimed to analyze factors affecting conformity with sterility precautions in the EAUN-guidelines. The aim of this descriptive survey was to investigate the nurses´ self-reported sterility precautions during indwelling urethral catheterization at two acute-care hospitals, where the local guidelines differ in their sterility requirements. Some hospitals have local guidelines with other requirements concerning sterility and leave to staff to decide how to perform the catheterization. The Swedish national guidelines are based on the sterility precautions advocated by EAUN. To support a uniform and evidence-based practice for indwelling urinary catheterization in adults The European association of Urology Nurses (EAUN) published guidelines for this procedure in 2012.
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